When my children were young, they loved to visit Fort Union. Although the fort was once a stronghold on the edge of New Mexico’s prairie, it is relatively unknown today. However, with its cannons, covered wagons and ruins, the fort was a perfect place for my children’s imaginary play. In those days, they were too young to understand the nuances of Fort Union’s history.
The History of Fort Union
Nevertheless, Fort Union is far more than a stage for children’s play. The Fort had an important role in the Anglo settlement of New Mexico and the broader western United States. Strategically situated at the juncture of the Mountain and Cimarron Branches of the Santa Fe Trail, Fort Union protected Anglo settlers from Indian attacks and raids. As a military facility, it served as a supply center for the American military in the Southwest. In addition, during the decisive Civil War battle at Glorieta Pass in 1862, Fort Union impeded the confederate plan to overtake the western United States.
A Complicated History
Although I was pleased that my children had great fun at Fort Union, I wanted them to also understand that the history of Fort Union is complicated. The Fort was constructed on Indian land, and the Indians fought because the Anglos invaded their homeland. With time they would understand the sadness of the Civil War period in American history.
Fort Union Becomes a National Monument
Fort Union was constructed and rebuilt three times between 1851 and 1891. At its third and final rendition, it was the largest fort west of the Mississippi River. In addition, it is now the most intact earthen fort in the United States. After the arrival of the railroad in 1879, travel on the Santa Fe trail gradually ceased. There was no longer a need for Fort Union. It became a national monument in 1959.
When I visited Fort Union recently with my grandson, I wasn’t surprised that he also loved to crouch behind the cannons and scamper among the old wagons.
